FCC Proposes Government ID Requirements for US Phone Service Activation

The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) has introduced a proposal that would require telecommunications providers to collect and store detailed personal information from customers before granting or renewing phone service. Under the proposed rules, providers would need to obtain a customer's full legal name, a physical address, a government-issued identification number, and an alternate telephone number.

The FCC's primary objective for these stricter "know your customer" requirements is to combat the prevalence of illegal robocalls and scams by identifying bad actors before they can enter the phone network. For high-volume, business, or foreign customers, the agency is considering even more stringent requirements, such as collecting the IP address used for calls and the intended use of the bulk phone plan.

Privacy and civil rights organizations have expressed strong opposition, arguing that the mandate would eliminate the ability to use "burner phones"—prepaid devices not linked to a user's identity. The ACLU's Jay Stanley stated that the government is contemplating removing the ability to obtain a burner phone, which he noted would negatively impact domestic violence victims, low-income individuals, and those concerned about their privacy.

Critics, including security researcher Cooper Quintin of the Electronic Frontier Foundation, argue that the rules will be ineffective against scammers who can use fake identities. They contend that the policy instead creates a broader surveillance apparatus that could be abused by the government and puts sensitive customer data at risk of being targeted by hackers.

Other advocates highlight the necessity of anonymity for whistleblowers, journalists, and refugees. They argue that the proposal treats all anonymous users as potential criminals, sacrificing the privacy of vulnerable populations to address the issue of robocalls.

The FCC is currently seeking public input on the proposal, with comments due by June 25, 2026, and reply comments due by July 27, 2026. The agency is weighing whether the rules should apply only to new accounts or also to customers renewing their existing service, and whether physical address requirements should exclude P.O. boxes.